Pengaruh Gerakan Masyarakat Sipil Terhadap Dinamika Legislasi Pengesahan RUU PPRT Dalam Perspektif Resource Mobilization Theory
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30742/perspektif.v31i2.1010Keywords:
proses legislasi, pekerja rumah tangga, gerakan masyarakat sipil, law making process, domestic workers, civil society movementAbstract
Rancangan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Pekerja Rumah Tangga (RUU PPRT) telah mengalami proses legislasi yang sangat panjang selama lebih dari dua dekade, mangkrak meski telah didorong oleh koalisi masyarakat sipil dan mendapat komitmen politik. Fenomena ini menjadi paradoks dalam upaya perlindungan hukum bagi kelompok pekerja rentan. Artikel ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus pada proses legislasi RUU PPRT. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi dokumen terhadap naskah akademik, risalah rapat, berita, serta analisis isi terhadap rekaman rapat publik DPR, untuk menelusuri dinamika dan hambatan pembahasan RUU. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa stagnasi pembahasan RUU PPRT terutama disebabkan oleh resistensi dari kelompok kepentingan tertentu di parlemen yang mempertahankan narasi patriarkal, menganggap urusan domestik sebagai ranah privat, serta kekhawatiran akan meningkatnya beban ekonomi bagi rumah tangga pengguna jasa. Meskipun telah terjadi mobilisasi sumber daya dan advokasi intensif dari jaringan masyarakat sipil, serta tekanan politik dari lembaga negara lain, proses legislasi tetap tersendat. Penelitian ini menyoroti kompleksitas politik hukum dalam mewujudkan perlindungan hukum bagi kelompok rentan di Indonesia.
The Domestic Workers Protection Bill (RUU PPRT) has undergone a lengthy legislative process for over two decades, stalled despite being pushed by a civil society coalition and receiving political commitment. This phenomenon presents a paradox in efforts to provide legal protection for vulnerable workers. This article uses qualitative research with a case study method on the legislative process of the Domestic Workers Bill. Data were collected through document studies of academic papers, meeting minutes, news reports, and content analysis of recordings of public meetings of the House of Representatives (DPR), to explore the dynamics and obstacles to the bill’s deliberations. The findings indicate that the stalled deliberations on the Domestic Workers Bill were primarily due to resistance from certain interest groups in parliament who maintain a patriarchal narrative, consider domestic matters a private domain, and concerns about increasing the economic burden on households using the bill. Despite resource mobilization and intensive advocacy from civil society networks, as well as political pressure from other state institutions, the legislative process remains stalled. This research highlights the complexities of legal politics in realizing legal protection for vulnerable groups in Indonesia.
References
Peraturan Perundang-undangan:
Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan. (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2003 Nomor 39, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 4279).
Buku:
Christiansen, Jonathan. Sociology Reference Guide: Theories of Social Movement. California: Salem Press, 2011.
Development, United Nations Research Institute for Social. When and Why the State Responds to Women’s Demands: Understanding Gender Equality Policy Change in Indonesia. Geneva: UNSRID Research Report, 2016.
Eddyono, Sri Wiyanti, Estu Fanani, Dini Anitasari Sabaniah, Yurra Maurice, Haiziah Ghazali, Juni Warlif, Sisillia Velayati, and Farha Ciciek. Research Report 2016: When and Why the State Responds to Women’s Demands: Understanding Gender Equality Policy Change in Indonesia. Geneva: UNRISD, 2016.
Freeman, Jo, and Victoria Johson. Waves of Protest: Social Movements Since the Sixties (People, Passions, & Power Series) (People, Passions, and Power: Social Movements, Interest Organizations, and the P). Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 1999.
Mahmud. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan. Bandung: Pustaka Setia, 2011.
Organization, International Labour. Promote: Pekerjaan Layak Bagi Pekerja Rumah Tangga Guna Menghapus Pekerja Rumah Tangga Anak. Jakarta: ILO Indonesia, 2016.
Porta, Donatella Della, and Mario Diani. Social Movements: An Introduction. Malden MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2020.
Soekanto, Soerjono, and Sri Mamudji. Penelitian Hukum Normatif: Suatu Tinjauan Singkat. Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 1990.
Jurnal:
Andreansyah, Gilang Chesar, and Emmilia Rusdiana. “Perlindungan Hukum Tentang Pekerja Rumah Tangga (PRT) Mengenai Jam Kerja.” Jurnal Novum 10, no. 04 (2023): 98–105. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2674/novum.v0i0.47468.
Anggraeni, Erwindya Julia. “Tinjauan Hak Asasi Manusia Terhadap Kekerasan Perempuan Dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan.” Wicarana 2, no. 1 (2023): 27–38. https://doi.org/10.57123/wicarana.v2i1.28.
Bosmans, Kim, Sarah Mousaid, Nele De Cuyper, Stefan Hardonk, Fred Louckx, and Christophe Vanroelen. “Dirty Work, Dirty Worker? Stigmatisation and Coping Strategies among Domestic Workers.” Journal of Vocational Behavior 92 (2016): 54–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.11.008.
Browne, Irene, and Joya Misra. “The Intersection of Gender and Race in the Labor Market.” Annual Review of Sociology 29 (2003): 487–513. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.29.010202.100016.
Danns, George K. “The Power of the Powerless Resource Mobilization and Social Movements in a Third World Reality.” International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 4, no. 2 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1177/028072708600400213.
Dimas, Assyakurrohim, Dewa Ikhram, Rusdy A Sirodj, and M Win Afgani. “Metode Studi Kasus Dalam Penelitian Kualitatif.” Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Dan Komputer 3, no. 1 (2023).
Febriana, Cholif Rahma, and Dimas Wira Wicaksana. “Aktor Intermediari dan Perlindungan Hak Pekerja Rumah Tangga: Peran SPRT Tunas Mulia Yogyakarta Dalam Advokasi RUU PPRT.” Journal of Indonesian Social Studies Education 3, no. 2 (2025).
Fuchs, Christian. “The Self-Organization of Social Movements.” Systemic Practice and Action Research 19, no. 1 (2006): 101–37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11213-005-9006-0.
Gawerc, Michelle I. “Diverse Social Movement Coalitions: Prospects and Challenges.” Sociology Compass 14, no. 1 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1111/soc4.12760.
Golhasani, Akbar, and Abbas Hosseinirad. “The Role of Resource Mobilization Theory in Social Movement.” International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 3, no. 6 (2016): 1–5.
———. “The Role of Resource Mobilization Theory in Social Movement.” International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 3, no. 6 (2017). https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v3i6.58.
Izzati, Nabiyla Risfa. “Urgensi Undang-Undang Pelindungan Pekerja Rumah Tangga Untuk Kerja Layak Pekerja Perawatan.” Masalah-Masalah Hukum 53, no. 2 (2024): 215–26. https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.53.2.2024.215-226.
Kurnianingrum, Trias Palupi, and Riza Asyari Yamin. “Urgensi Pelindungan Terhadap Pekerja Rumah Tangga.” Info Singkat Kajian Singkat Terhadap Isu Aktual dan Strategis XVI, no. 18 (2024).
Lan, Pei-Chia. “Bargaining With Patriarchy: Taiwanese Women Hiring Migrant Domestic Workers.” Anthropology of Work Review 21, no. 3 (2008): 9–14. https://doi.org/10.1525/awr.2000.21.3.9.
Mutiara, Ayu Safa. “Politik Hukum Pengesahan Rancangan Undang-Undang Pelindungan Pekerja Rumah Tangga.” Yustitiabelen, 2025. https://doi.org/10.36563/yustitiabelen.v11i2.1696.
Nirmala, Renata Jati, and Rosalina Woro Subektie. “Tantangan Demokrasi Dalam Proses Legislasi Perlindungan Pekerja Rumah Tangga Di Indonesia.” GEMA PUBLICA 10, no. 1 (2025): 97–122. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14710/gp.10.1.2025.98-123.
Putri, Diana, and Vania Pramudita Hanjani. “Ketika Hak Pekerja Rumah Tangga Terabaikan: Potret Realitas dan Jalan Legislasi RUU PPRT (Rancangan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Pekerja Rumah Tangga) Yang Mangkrak.” RINEKA: Jurnal Antropologi 1, no. 1 (2025): 63–74.
Putri, Fina Ananda, and Nida Handayani. “Peran Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia Dalam Formulasi Rancangan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Pekerja Rumah Tangga.” JIMU: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisipliner 3, no. 1 (2025): 1–10.
Website dan Lainnya:
Amaliyah, Suci. “Perjalanan 19 Tahun RUU PPRT Sebelum Jadi RUU Usul Inisiatif DPR.” NU Online, 2023. https://www.nu.or.id/nasional/perjalanan-19-tahun-ruu-pprt-sebelum-jadi-ruu-usul-inisiatif-dpr-wibia.
Channel, Baleg DPR RI. “Breaking News - Baleg DPR RI Panja Penyusunan RUU Tentang Perlindungan Pekerja Rumah Tangga.” youtube.com, 2025. https://www.youtube.com/live/GKpXnVqrOg0?si=Dqb11UYRYTOkM7GT.
———. “Breaking News – Baleg DPR RI RDP Dan RDPU Dengan KPAI, Pakar Dan APPSI.” youtube.com, 2025. https://www.youtube.com/live/D2L48E8vdIU?si=mMj_aRpI_pfTGXqY.
DA, Ady Thea. “Komnas HAM-Komnas Perempuan Dorong Percepatan Pembahasan RUU PPRT.” hukumonline.com, 2023. https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/a/komnas-ham-komnas-perempuan-dorong-percepatan-pembahasan-ruu-pprt-lt64250cf1a3704/.
Faturahmah, Elsa. “Siaran Pers Komnas Perempuan Mengecam Tindakan Kekerasan Terhadap PRT Di Batam.” komnasperempuan.go.id, 2025. https://komnasperempuan.go.id/siaran-pers-detail/siaran-pers-komnas-perempuan-mengecam-tindakan-kekerasan-terhadap-prt-di-batam?utm_source=chatgpt.com.
FNH. “Gugatan PRT Pada SBY Kandas.” hukumonline.com, 2012. https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/a/gugatan-prt-pada-sby-kandas-lt4f30d8f633a31/.
Hewka, Amie Victoria. “Migrant Female Domestic Workers Bergaining With Capitalist Patriarchy.” Universitas Hamad Bin Khalfa, 2022.
Humas. “Presiden Dorong Percepatan Penetapan UU Perlindungan Pekerja Rumah Tangga.” Sekretariat Kabinet Republik Indonesia, 2023. https://setkab.go.id/presiden-dorong-percepatan-penetapan-uu-perlindungan-pekerja-rumah-tangga/.
International Labour Organization. “Making Decent Work a Reality for Domestic Workers.” webapps.ilo.org, 2021. https://webapps.ilo.org/infostories/en-GB/Campaigns/report/domestic-workers.html.
Komnas Perempuan. “20 Tahun RUU PPRT Tak Kunjung Disahkan DPR RI, Komnas Perempuan:` Teka-Teki Besar Bagi Semua,” 2024.
———. “Siaran Pers Komnas Perempuan Tentang Peringatan Hari Pekerja Rumah Tangga Internasional: Sahkan RUU PPRT: PRT Terlindungi Pemberi Kerja Terjamin.” Jakarta, 2023.
M-11. “SBY Ingkari Seruannya Di KTT ASEAN.” hukumonline.com, 2011. https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/a/sby-ingkari-seruannya-di-ktt-asean-lt4dd4ce4f639d8/.
Nurhidayat, Despian. “Pembahasan RUU PPRT Kembali Mangkrak Di DPR.” mediaindonesia.com, 2023. https://mediaindonesia.com/politik-dan-hukum/590685/pembahasan-ruu-pprt-kembali-mangkrak-di-dpr#google_vignette.
Parlementaria. “Anna Mu’awanah: RUU PPRT Harus Memanusiakan Manusia, Bukan Jadi Sarana Eksploitasi.” Media DPR RI, 2025. https://emedia.dpr.go.id/2025/05/23/anna-muawanah-ruu-pprt-harus-memanusiakan-manusia-bukan-jadi-sarana-eksploitasi/.
Presiden, Kantor Staf. “KSP Sahkan Pembentukan Gugus Tugas Percepatan RUU Perlindungan Pekerja Rumah Tangga.” ksp.go.id, 2022. https://ksp.go.id/ksp-sahkan-pembentukan-gugus-tugas-percepatan-ruu-perlindungan-pekerja-rumah-tangga.html.
RI, Baleg DPR. “Beaking News-Baleg DPR RI RDP/RDPU Dengan Pakar.” youtube.com, 2025. https://www.youtube.com/live/K140RkFKAy8.
RI, DPR. “Jadwal Acara Rapat Badan Legislasi DPR RI Masa Sidang IV Tahun Sidang 2024-2025 (24 Juni s.d. 24 Juli 2025).” berkas.dpr.go.id, 2025. https://share.google/8wxAUVCPLosFa3LYG.
———. “Live Streaming - Rapat Paripurna DPR RI Ke-19 Masa Persidangan IV Tahun Sidang 2022-2023.” youtube.com, 2023. https://www.youtube.com/live/0uLf7pWz1i8.
———. “Pandangan Pendapat Keteranga Sambutan Pendapat Fraks-Fraksi Atas RUU Tentang PPRT.” berkas.dpr.go.id, 2023. https://berkas.dpr.go.id/setjen/dokumen/persipar-PandanganPendapatKeteranganSambutan-Pendapat-Fraksi-fraksi-atas-RUU-tentang-Pelindungan-Pekerja-Rumah-Tangga-1721962878.pdf.
Sari, Dian Kartika. “83 Tahun Pergerakan Perempuan Indonesia, Sampai Dimana.” koalisiperempuan.or.id, 2011. https://www.koalisiperempuan.or.id/2011/12/22/83-tahun-pergerakan-perempuan-indonesia-sampai-dimana/.
Sinombor, Sonya Hellen. “Perjalanan Panjang 19 Tahun Yang Mulai Berujung.” Kompas.id, 2023. https://www.kompas.id/artikel/perjalanan-panjang-19-tahun-yang-mulai-berujung.
Udayana, Universitas. “Baleg DPR RI Gelar FGD RUU Perlindungan Pekerja Rumah Tangga Di Unud.” unud.ac.id, 2025. https://www.unud.ac.id/in/headline7526-Baleg-DPR-RI-Gelar-FGD-RUU-Perlindungan-Pekerja-Rumah-Tangga-di-Unud.html.
Yudi, Anastasya Lavenia. “PRT Akan Gelar Aksi Serentak Tuntut Pengesahan RUU PPRT.” tempo.co, 2024. https://www.tempo.co/hukum/prt-akan-gelar-aksi-serentak-tuntut-pengesahan-ruu-pprt--10628.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
The Authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, copyright of the article shall be assigned to jurnal PERSPEKTIF and Research Institutions and Community Service, Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya University as publisher of the journal.


