PENGARUH GLOBALISASI TERHADAP REGULASI TENTANG KARANTINA TUMBUHAN DI INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30742/perspektif.v23i3.690Keywords:
Globalisasi, Karantina Tumbuhan, Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan Karantina, Globalization, Plant Quarantine, Plant Pest OrganismsAbstract
Globalisasi membuat batasan dan hambatan-hambatan atas pergerakan arus barang menjadi semakin tipis. Barang dari suatu negara dapat dengan mudahnya dipindahkan atau dikirim ke negara lain untuk diperdagangkan termasuk tumbuhan. Penyebaran Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan Karantina (OPTK) banyak timbul akibat kegiatan ekspor impor tumbuhan maupun perpindahan tumbuhan dari satu area ke area lain di dalam negeri. Indonesia memiliki sistem karantina tumbuhan sebagai pencegahan tersebarnya OPTK di dalam wilayah Indonesia. Tindakan karantina dilakukan di tempat pemasukan dan/atau pengeluaran. Tindakan karantina yang dilakukan di tempat pemasukan dan/atau pengeluaran memiliki resiko penyebaran OPTK yang besar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan mekanisme hukum yang lebih tepat dalam upaya pencegahan penyebaran OPTK di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Kesimpulan yang didapat adalah bahwa Indonesia membutuhkan regulasi baru yang mengatur bahwa tindakan karantina hanya dapat dilakukan di luar tempat pemasukan dan/atau pengeluaran. Hal ini dilakukan sebagai pencegahan penyebaran OPTK baik di tempat pemasukan maupun di tempat pengeluaran.
Globalization makes boundaries and barrier to the movement of goods flow being less. Goods from one state can be easily transferred or sent to other state for trade, including plants. The spread of plant pest organisms (OPTK) arises due to plant export and import activities as well as the movement of plants from one area to another in the country. Indonesia has a plant quarantine system to prevent the spread of OPTK within Indonesia. Quarantine actions are carried out at the place of entry and/or exit point which have a high risk of spreading OPTK. The purpose of this study is to find a more appropriate legal mechanism in the effort to prevent the spread of OPTK in Indonesia. The research method used in this study is a normative research method using a statute approach. The conclusion obtained is that Indonesia require a new regulation that regulate that quarantine actions can only be carried out outside of entry and/or exit point. This is done as a prevention of the spread of OPTK both at the entry and exit point.
References
Peraturan Perundang-undangan:
Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 1992 tentang Karantina Hewan, Ikan, dan Tumbuhan.
Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 14 Tahun 2002 tentang Karantina Tumbuhan.
Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 09/Permentan/OT.140/2/2009 tentang Persyaratan dan Tatacara Tindakan Karantina Tumbuhan Terhadap Pemasukan Media Pembawa Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan Karantina Ke Dalam Wilayah Negara Republik Indonesia.
Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Republik Indonesia Nomor 38/Permentan/OT.140/3/2014 tentang Tindakan Karantina Tumbuhan Di luar Tempat Pemasukan dan Pengeluaran.
Buku:
Mahendra Putra Kurnia, ed. (2011). Ketika Hukum Berhadapan dengan Globalisasi. Malang: UB Press.
Peter Mahmud Marzuki. (2005). Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.
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L.L. Lope dan F.G. Howarth. “Globalization and Pest Invasion: Where Will be in Five Years?”. 1st International Symposium on Biological Control of Arthropods.
Mesut Savrul and Ahmet Incekara. The Effect of Globalization on International Trade: The Black Sea Economic Cooperation Case. International Conference on Eurasian Economies 2015.
Nely Zubaedah, Damayanti Buchori, dan Abdul Munif. “Keefektifan Kebijakan Pembatasan Pintu Masuk Impor Hortikultura Terhadap Aspek Perlindungan Tanaman”. Risalah Kebijakan Pertanian dan Lingkungan. Vol. 2 No. 2 Agustus 2015, h. 144.
Nursamsi Pusposendjojo. (2005). “Karantina Tumbuhan di Indonesia Dalam Masa Perdagangan Bebas”. Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia. Vol. 11 No. 1, h. 61.
Rai Vijay Laxmi, Geetanjaly, and Sharma Preeti. “Plant Quarantine: An Effective Strategy of Pest of Pest Management in India”. Research Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences. Vol. 2(1) January 2014, h. 11.
Website:
Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). ‘Ekspor Buah-Buahan Menurut Negara Tujuan Utama Tahun 2002-2015’. website: https://www.bps.go.id/statictable/2014/09/08/1021/ekspor-buah-buahan-menurut-negara-tujuan-utama-2002-2015.html, diakses tanggal 5 Agustus 2018.
_______. ‘Impor Beras Menurut Negara Asal Utama Tahun 2000-2015’. website: https://www.bps.go.id/statictable/2014/09/08/1043/impor-beras-menurut-negara-asal-utama-2000-2015.html, diakses tanggal 20 Agustus 2018.
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