PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELAKU PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DALAM PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH INFEKSIUS COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30742/perspektif.v28i1.848Keywords:
limbah infeksius, Covid-19, pencemaran lingkungan, penegakan hukum, kebijakan hukum, infectious waste, environmental pollution, law enforcement, legal policyAbstract
Limbah infeksius Covid-19 yang tidak ditangani dengan benar dikhawatirkan menjadi sumber penularan baru Covid-19. Beberapa regulasi yang ada, diantaranya UU PPLH, UU Pengelolaan Sampah dan Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Republik Indonesia No: P.56/Menlhk-Setjen/2015 telah memberikan pedoman cara mengelola sampah dan/atau limbah, baik itu dari rumah tangga ataupun fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan. Pengelolaan limbah infeksius Covid-19 harus dilakukan sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan, namun masyarakat belum sepenuhnya mengetahui cara pengelolaan yang benar sehingga limbah yang seharusnya ditangani dengan cara khusus justru bercampur dengan limbah rumah tangga. Sehingga, diperlukan adanya aturan hukum mengenai kewajiban pengelolaan limbah infeksius Covid-19 disertai sanksi pidana, sanksi administrasi dan penambahan fasilitas pengelolaan limbah. Akhirnya, penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku pencemaran limbah infeksius Covid-19 dapat diwujudkan jika terjalin hubungan kerjasama yang baik antara masyarakat dengan pemerintah, salah satunya pemerintah menyediakan tempat pembuangan limbah infeksisus Covid-19 yang aman.
Covid-19 infectious waste that is not handled properly is feared to become a new source of transmission of Covid-19. Several existing regulations, including the PPLH Law, the Waste Management Law, and the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia Number: P.56/Menlhk-Setjen/2015 have provided guidelines on how to manage waste or waste, both from households and facilities. Health services. Statutory regulations must carry out the management of Covid-19 infectious waste. Still, the public needs to know how to manage it properly, so waste that should be handled specially is mixed with household waste. Thus, it is necessary to have legal regulations regarding the obligation to manage Covid-19 infectious waste accompanied by criminal sanctions, administrative sanctions, and additional waste management facilities. Finally, law enforcement against perpetrators of contamination of Covid-19 infectious waste can be realized if there is a good cooperative relationship between the community and the government, one of which is the government providing safe disposal sites for Covid-19 infectious waste.
References
Peraturan Perundang-undangan:
Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945.
Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana.
Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2008 tentang Pengelolaan Sampah.
Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup.
Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Peraturan Perundang-undangan.
Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Republik Indonesia Nomor: P.56/Menlhk-Setjen/2015 tentang Tata Cara dan Persyaratan Teknis Pengelolaan Limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun dari Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan.
Buku:
Barda Nawawi Arief. (2005). Bunga Rampai Kebijakan Hukum Pidana. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti.
_______. (2009). Kebijakan Legeslatif Dalam Penanggulangan Kejahatan Dengan Pidana Penjara. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro.
_______. (2010). Bunga Rampai Kebijakan Hukum Pidana. Jakarta: Kencana.
Jimly Asshiddiqie. (2007). “Penegakan Hukum.” Writer.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2020). “Pedoman Pengelolaan Limbah Rumah Sakit Rujukan, Rumah Sakit Darurat dan Puskesmas Yang Menangani Pasien Covid-19.” Germas.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (n.d.) “Tanya Jawab Seputar COVID-19.”
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. “Tanya Jawab Seputar COVID-19.”
Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. (n.d.). “Surat Edaran Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor Se.2/Menlhk/Pslb3/Plb.3/3/2020.”
L.J. van Apeldoorn. (1990). Pengantar Ilmu Hukum. Jakarta: Pradnya Paramita.
Leden Mapaung. (2005). Asas-Teori-Praktik Hukum Pidana. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.
Lilik Mulyadi. (2008). Bunga Rapai Hukum Pidana Perspektif Teoritis dan Praktik. Bandung: Alumni.
Muchsin. (2003). Perlindungan dan Kepastian Hukum Bagi Investor di Indonesia. Magister Ilmu Hukum Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Sebelas Maret.
Muhaimin. (2016). Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure.
Mulyadi. Bunga Rapai Hukum Pidana Perspektif Teoritis dan Praktik.
Peter Mahmud Marzuki. (2022). Penelitian Hukum. Edisi Revisi. Jakarta: Kencana.
Setiono. (2004). Rule of Law (Supremasi Hukum). Magister Hukum Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Sebelas Maret.
Soedarto. (2006). Kapita Selekta Hukum Pidana. Bandung: Alumni.
Soerjono Soekanto. (2015). “Efektivitas Hukum dan Penegakan Hukum,” in Efektivitas Hukum.
Sudarto. (1977). Hukum dan Hukum Pidana. Bandung: Alumni.
Sudikno Mertokusumo. (2004). Penemuan Hukum Yogyakarta: Liberty.
Theo Huijbers. (1982). Filsafat Hukum Dalam Lintasan Sejarah. Jakarta: Kanisius.
WHO. (2020). “Novel Coronavirus (2019-NCoV).” Situation Report 11.
Zainudin Ali. (2019). Metode Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.
Jurnal:
Brian J Preston. (2008). “The Environment and Its Influence on the Law.” Australian Law Journal.
Catrin Sohrabi, (2020). “World Health Organization Declares Global Emergency: A Review of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19).” International Journal of Surgery.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.02.034.
Chandra Nugraha. “Tinjauan Kebijakan Pengelolaan Limbah Medis Infeksius Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19).” Jurnal Untuk Masyarakat Sehat (JUKMAS). 4 No. 2 (2020): 216–229.
Fence M. Wantu. “Antinomi Dalam Penegakan Hukum Oleh Hakim.” Mimbar Hukum. Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada 19. No. 3 (2007): 388.
Jorge Emmanuel. et.al. “Safe Management of Wastes from Health Care Activities.” Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 79 No. 2 (2001): 171–171, https://doi.org/10.1590/S0042-96862001000200013.
Rif’ah Roihanah. (2015). “PENEGAKAN HUKUM DI INDONESIA: Sebuah Harapan dan Kenyataan.” Justicia Islamica. https://doi.org/10.21154/justicia.v12i1.258.
Sanyoto Sanyoto. (2008). “PENEGAKAN HUKUM DI INDONESIA.” Jurnal Dinamika Hukum. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2008.8.3.74.
Tata Wijayanta. “Asas Kepastian Hukum, Keadilan dan Kemanfaatan Dalam Kaitannya Dengan Putusan Kepailitan Pengadilan Niaga.” Jurnal Dinamika Hukum. 14 No. 2 (2014): 216–26. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2014.14.2.291.
Vina Amalia, et.al. (2020). “Penanganan Limbah Infeksius Rumah Tangga Pada Masa Wabah COVID-19.” Lp2M. http://digilib.uinsgd.ac.id/id/eprint/30736.
Website:
Antaranews. (2020). “KLHK: Ada 6.417,95 Ton Timbulan Limah COVID-19 Sampai Awal Februari.” antaranews.com. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/1983525/klhk-ada-641795-ton-timbulan-limbah-covid-19-sampai-awal-februari.
Satuan Tugas Penanganan Covid-19. (2021). “Data Sebaran Covid-19 Di Indonesia,” https://covid19.go.id/.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
The Authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, copyright of the article shall be assigned to jurnal PERSPEKTIF and Research Institutions and Community Service, Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya University as publisher of the journal.
