STUDI KOMPARASI REGULASI PERDAGANGAN ASET KRIPTO DI INDONESIA, AMERIKA SERIKAT DAN JEPANG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30742/perspektif.v28i3.881Keywords:
Aset Kripto, Blockchain, Indonesia, USA, Jepang, Crypto AssetAbstract
Peningkatan pembelian dan peredaran aset kripto di publik berbanding lurus dengan meningkatnya potensi tindak kejahatan antara lain penipuan berkedok investasi, praktik pencucian uang hingga transaksi barang secara ilegal dengan memanfaatkan aset kripto sebagai alat pembayaran. Indonesia hingga kini masih belum memiliki instrumen hukum yang secara spesifik mengatur aset kripto sebagai alat pembayaran yang sah namun telah diterbitkan Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 tentang Pengembangan dan Penguatan Sektor Keuangan (UUP2SK) yang memindahkan kewenangan pengawasan dan regulasi aset kripto dari BAPPEBTI ke OJK. Praktek transaksi menggunakan kripto di negara lain seperti Amerika Serikat dan Jepang telah diatur secara spesifik oleh regulasi khusus sehingga penelitian dengan metode penelitian hukum normatif ini akan melakukan metode pendekatan perbandingan (comparative approach) dengan kedua negara tersebut serta pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach). Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pentingnya formulasi kebijakan baru sesuai klasifikasi penggunaan dan bentuk aset kripto beserta aset berupa stablecoin dan NFT termasuk memperketat promosi dan iklan produk berbasis kripto terhadap masyarakat.
The rapid increase in the purchase and circulation of crypto assets was directly proportional to the increase of financial crime rate, including fraud under the guise of investment, money laundering practices and illegal transactions of goods using crypto assets as a means of payment. Until now, Indonesia still does not have a legal instrument that specifically regulates crypto assets as legal means of payment, but Law Number 2 of 2023 concerning Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector (UUP2SK) has been issued which transfers the authority to supervise and regulate crypto assets from BAPPEBTI to OJK . The practice of transactions using crypto in other countries such as the United States and Japan has been specifically regulated by special regulations so that research using normative legal research methods will carry out a comparative approach with these two countries as well as a statutory approach. This research recommends the importance of formulating new policies according to the classification of uses and forms of crypto assets along with assets in the form of stablecoins and NFTs, including restricting promotion and advertising of crypto-based products to society.
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Undnag-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2011 tentang Otoritas Jasa Keuangan.
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